Health & Fitness

Bicycle Crank Length & Pedal Motion Calculator

Updated Aug 27, 2026 Reviewed Aug 27, 2026
Compare two crank lengths by pedal circle, pedal speed, tangential force, saddle-height reference and top- or bottom-of-stroke clearance.

Geometry and mechanics comparison

Compare two crank lengths

Current and candidate setup

Displays published maximal-power ratios as context; it does not prescribe a crank length.

A mechanical comparison, not a fit prescription
Change crank and saddle setup gradually. Comfort, mobility, injury history, frame clearance and handling require an individual assessment.

Result

Calculation summary

Enter values to see the result

Your result, breakdown, assumptions, and warnings will appear here.

Live pedal-path overlay

Shorter cranks reduce the pedal circle

Crank change

-7.5

Top clearance change

+15

Tangential force change

+7 N

The same cadence and crank power are held constant so radius effects remain visible.

How to use this calculator

  1. 1Enter current and candidate crank lengths.
  2. 2Enter a representative cadence, power and current saddle-height reference.
  3. 3Optionally add leg and tibia measurements to display published maximal-power ratios without treating them as a fit prescription.

Formula

pedal speed = 2π × crank length × cadence; tangential force = power ÷ angular velocity ÷ crank length

The comparison holds cadence and crank power constant while changing crank radius.

Calculation steps

  • Calculate pedal-circle circumference and path speed.
  • Resolve crank torque from power and cadence, then force from torque and crank radius.
  • Compare saddle, top-of-stroke and low-pedal reference changes.

Worked example

Changing from 172.5 mm to 165 mm shortens the crank by 7.5 mm, reduces the pedal circle and raises the low pedal point by the same amount.

Assumptions

  • Power is measured at the crank and cadence is constant.
  • Tangential force is a cycle-average mechanical comparison, not a biomechanical force profile.
  • The saddle-height change maintains the bottom-pedal extension reference only.
  • Leg and tibia ratios describe one maximal-power study and do not prescribe bike fit.

Sources

Frequently asked questions

Does a shorter crank reduce power?

Not automatically. Within common ranges, riders can adapt cadence and force; this tool only compares geometry and average mechanics.

Why does tangential force increase with a shorter crank?

At the same torque, a shorter lever requires more tangential force because force equals torque divided by radius.

Should I always raise the saddle after shortening cranks?

The displayed change preserves the bottom-of-stroke reference, but an actual fit may choose a different adjustment.

Is 20% of leg length correct for everyone?

No. It was a maximal-power finding from a specific study, not a universal comfort, injury or fit rule.

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